Me yasa MOSFETs ake sarrafa wutar lantarki?

MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) ana kiransu na'urorin sarrafa wutar lantarki musamman saboda tsarin aikinsu ya dogara ne akan sarrafa wutar lantarki ta ƙofar (Vgs) akan magudanar ruwa (Id), maimakon dogaro da na yanzu don sarrafa shi, kamar yadda shine yanayin da transistor bipolar (kamar BJTs). Mai zuwa shine cikakken bayani na MOSFET azaman na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki:

Ƙa'idar Aiki

Ikon Ƙofar Wuta:Zuciyar MOSFET tana cikin tsarin da ke tsakanin ƙofarta, tushenta da magudanar ruwa, da kuma rufin da ke rufe (yawanci silicon dioxide) ƙarƙashin ƙofar. Lokacin da aka sanya wutar lantarki a ƙofar, ana ƙirƙirar filin lantarki a ƙarƙashin rufin rufin, kuma wannan filin yana canza yanayin aiki na wurin tsakanin tushen da magudanar ruwa.

Samar da Tashoshi Mai Gudanarwa:Don MOSFETs na tashar N-tashar, lokacin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki Vgs ya isa (sama da takamaiman ƙimar da ake kira ƙarfin ƙarfin kofa Vt), electrons a cikin nau'in nau'in P-nau'in da ke ƙasan ƙofar suna jan hankalin zuwa ƙasan rufin insulating, suna samar da N- rubuta tashar gudanarwa wanda ke ba da damar aiki tsakanin tushen da magudanar ruwa. Sabanin haka, idan Vgs ya kasance ƙasa da Vt, ba a kafa tashar gudanarwa ba kuma MOSFET tana cikin yankewa.

Ikon magudana na yanzu:Girman magudanar ruwa na yanzu Id galibi ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar wutar lantarki Vgs. Mafi girman Vgs, mafi faɗin tashar gudanarwa yana samuwa, kuma mafi girma magudanar Id na yanzu. Wannan dangantakar tana ba MOSFET damar yin aiki azaman na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki na yanzu.

Amfanin Halayen Piezo

Ƙarfin Shigarwa Mai Girma:Rashin shigar da MOSFET yana da girma sosai saboda keɓewar kofa da yankin magudanar ruwa ta hanyar insulating Layer, kuma ƙofar halin yanzu kusan sifili ne, wanda ke sa ya zama mai amfani a cikin da'irori inda ake buƙatar ƙarancin shigar da bayanai.

Karancin Amo:MOSFETs suna haifar da ƙaramar hayaniya yayin aiki, galibi saboda babban abin shigar da su da tsarin tafiyar da jigilar kaya unipolar.

Saurin sauyawa:Tun da MOSFETs na'urori ne masu sarrafa wutar lantarki, saurin sauyawarsu yawanci yakan yi sauri fiye da na transistor bipolar, waɗanda dole ne su bi ta hanyar adana caji da fitarwa yayin sauyawa.

Ƙarfin Ƙarfi:A cikin jihar, juriyar magudanar ruwa (RDS(on)) na MOSFET yana da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, wanda ke taimakawa rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki. Har ila yau, a cikin jihar da aka yanke, yawan amfani da wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa sosai saboda halin yanzun ƙofar ya kusan sifili.

A taƙaice, MOSFETs ana kiransu na'urori masu sarrafa wutar lantarki saboda ka'idar aikin su ta dogara kacokan akan sarrafa magudanar ruwa ta hanyar wutar lantarki. Wannan sifa mai sarrafa wutar lantarki ya sa MOSFETs ke ba da alƙawarin aikace-aikace da yawa a cikin da'irori na lantarki, musamman inda ake buƙatar ƙarancin shigar da ƙara, ƙaramar amo, saurin sauyawa da ƙarancin wutar lantarki.