MOSFET ka'idar maye gurbin da hukunci mai kyau da mara kyau

1, hukunci mai inganciMOSFETmai kyau ko mara kyau

MOSFET ka'idar maye gurbin da hukunci mai kyau ko mara kyau, da farko amfani da multimeter R × 10kΩ block (ginin 9V ko 15V baturi), mummunan alkalami (baƙar fata) da aka haɗa zuwa ƙofar (G), alkalami mai kyau (ja) an haɗa shi da tushen (S). Lokacin caji tsakanin kofa da tushe, mai nunin multimeter zai ɗan karkata. Bugu da ƙari ta amfani da multimeter R × 1Ω block, mummunan alkalami zuwa magudana (D), alkalami mai kyau zuwa tushen (S), multimeter yana nuna darajar 'yan ohms, yana nuna cewa MOSFET yana da kyau.

 

2, qualitative analysis of junction MOSFET electrode

Za a buga multimeter zuwa fayil R × 100, jan alkalami zuwa bututun ƙafa ɗaya, alƙalami baƙar fata zuwa wani, ta yadda za a dakatar da ƙafa na uku. Idan ka sami ɗan motsi na allurar mita, tabbatar da cewa ƙafa ta uku ita ce ƙofar. Idan kuna son samun ƙarin sakamako na zahiri, zaku iya amfani da jikin kusa ko da yatsa don taɓa ƙafar da aka dakatar, muddin kun ga allurar ta karkata sosai, wato, yana nuna cewa ƙafar da aka dakatar don ƙofar, saura ƙafa biyu don tushen da magudanar ruwa, bi da bi.

Dalilan wariya:JFETjuriya na shigar da bayanai ya fi 100MΩ, kuma transconductance yana da tsayi sosai, lokacin da ƙofar ke buɗewa, filin lantarki na sararin samaniya na iya samun sauƙin jawo ta hanyar siginar wutar lantarki ta ƙofar, ta yadda bututun ya yi ƙoƙarin yankewa, ko kuma ya kula da gudanarwa. Idan jikin ɗan adam kai tsaye zuwa ga ƙarfin shigar da ƙofar, saboda siginar kutse ya fi ƙarfi, abin da ke sama zai fi fitowa fili. Misali, allura zuwa son zuciya na hagu yana da girma sosai, yana nufin cewa bututun yana son yankewa, juriya na tushen magudanar ruwa RDS yana ƙaruwa, magudanar ruwa-tushen halin yanzu yana rage IDS. akasin haka, allura zuwa gefen dama na babban jujjuyawar, cewa bututu yana kula da gudanarwa, RDS ↓, IDS ↑. Duk da haka, wace jagorar allurar mita ta zahiri ta karkata ya kamata a ƙayyade ta polarity na ƙarfin lantarki da aka jawo (na gaba ko baya) da wurin aiki na bututu.
Matakan kariya:

Sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa lokacin da aka keɓe hannaye biyu daga sandunan D da S kuma aka taɓa ƙofar kawai, allurar ta kan karkata zuwa hagu. Koyaya, lokacin da hannaye biyu suka taɓa sandunan D da S bi da bi kuma yatsunsu suka taɓa ƙofar, ana iya lura da allurar mita ta karkata zuwa dama. Dalilin haka shi ne cewa sassa da dama na jikin mutum da juriya suna son suMOSFETcikin saturation yankin.

 

 

 

Ƙaddamarwar fil triode Crystal

Triode ya ƙunshi core (biyu PN junctions), electrodes uku da kuma tube harsashi, uku electrodes ana kiran su Collector c, emitter e, base b. A halin yanzu, triode gama gari shine bututun tsarin siliki, wanda aka ƙara kasu kashi biyu: nau'in PNP da nau'in NPN. Germanium gami bututu yanzu ba kasafai bane.

Anan za mu gabatar da hanya mai sauƙi ta amfani da multimeter don auna ƙafafu uku na triode.

 

1, nemo sandar tushe, ƙayyade nau'in bututu (NPN ko PNP)

Ga nau'in nau'in PNP, igiyoyin C da E sune madaidaicin sandar PN guda biyu a cikinsa, kuma sandar B ita ce ta gama-gari, yayin da nau'in nau'in NPN ya zama akasin haka, C da E poles ne marasa kyau. na biyu PN junctions, da kuma B sanda ne gama gari tabbatacce iyakacin duniya, kuma yana da sauƙi don sanin sandar tushe da kuma nau'in bututu bisa ga halaye na PN junction tabbatacce juriya yana da ƙananan, kuma juriya na baya yana da girma. . Hanya ta musamman ita ce:

Yi amfani da multimeter da aka buga a R × 100 ko R × 1K gear. Jajayen alkalami ya taɓa fil, sannan a yi amfani da baƙar alƙalami da aka haɗa zuwa sauran fil biyun, ta yadda za ku iya samun rukunoni uku (kowane rukuni na biyu) karatu, lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan karatun biyu ya kasance a cikin ƙarancin juriya. 'yan ɗaruruwan ohms, idan fil ɗin jama'a sune alkalami ja, lambar sadarwa ita ce tushe, nau'in transistor na nau'in PNP; idan fil ɗin jama'a sune bakin alƙalami, lambar sadarwa ita ce tushe, nau'in transistor na nau'in NPN.

 

2, gano mai fitar da mai tarawa

Kamar yadda samar da triode, yankin P guda biyu ko biyu N a cikin maida hankali na doping ya bambanta, idan madaidaicin amplifier, triode yana da haɓaka mai ƙarfi, kuma akasin haka, tare da amplifier da ba daidai ba, amplifier amplifier na adadi mai yawa na rauni sosai. , don haka triode tare da madaidaicin amplifier, triode tare da amplifier mara kyau, za a sami babban bambanci.

 

Bayan gano nau'in bututu da tushe b, ana iya gano mai tarawa da emitter ta hanyar da ke gaba. Buga kiran multimeter ta latsa R x 1K. Maƙe gindin da sauran fil ɗin tare da hannaye biyu (ku yi hankali kada ku bari na'urorin su shiga cikin hulɗa kai tsaye). Domin bayyana al'amarin ma'aunin a bayyane, jika yatsun ku, ku danne jan alkalami tare da tushe, ku danne bakin alkalami tare da sauran fil, sannan ku kula da girman ma'aunin dama na ma'aunin multimeter. Na gaba, daidaita fil biyu, maimaita matakan ma'aunin sama. Kwatanta girman girman allura a cikin ma'auni biyu kuma gano sashin da ya fi girma. Don transistor irin na PNP, haɗa baƙar alƙalami zuwa fil ɗin da kuma tsunkule tushe tare, maimaita gwaje-gwajen da ke sama don gano inda girman girman allura ya fi girma, don nau'in NPN, alƙalamin baƙar fata yana haɗi zuwa tushe, ja. alkalami yana haɗi da emitter. A cikin nau'in PNP, an haɗa alkalami ja zuwa mai tarawa, alƙalamin baƙar fata yana haɗa da emitter.

 

Ka'idar wannan hanyar ganowa ita ce yin amfani da baturi a cikin multimeter, ana ƙara ƙarfin lantarki zuwa mai tarawa da emitter na transistor, ta yadda zai sami damar haɓakawa. Hannu tsunkule tushe, mai tarawa, daidai da juriya ta hannun hannu zuwa triode tare da ingantaccen halin yanzu, don haka yana gudanar da shi, a wannan lokacin girman allurar mita tana karkata zuwa dama tana nuna ikon haɓakawa, don haka zaku iya daidai. ƙayyade wurin emitter, mai tarawa.