MOSFET, wanda aka fi sani da Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, na'urar lantarki ce da ake amfani da ita sosai wacce ke cikin nau'in Filin Tasirin Transistor (FET).Babban tsarinda MOSFETya ƙunshi ƙofar ƙarfe, Layer insulating oxide (yawanci Silicon Dioxide SiO₂) da Layer semiconductor (yawanci silicon Si). Ka'idar aiki ita ce sarrafa wutar lantarki ta ƙofar don canza filin lantarki a saman ko a cikin semiconductor, don haka sarrafa halin yanzu tsakanin tushen da magudanar ruwa.
MOSFETsza a iya kasu kashi biyu main iri: N-channelMOSFETs(NMOS) da P-tasharMOSFETs(PMOS). A cikin NMOS, lokacin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya kasance tabbatacce game da tushen, n-type tashoshi masu gudanarwa suna samuwa a kan saman semiconductor, ƙyale electrons su gudana daga tushen zuwa magudanar ruwa. A cikin PMOS, lokacin da wutar lantarki ta ƙofar ba ta da kyau game da tushen, ana samar da tashoshi na nau'in p-type akan saman semiconductor, yana barin ramuka su gudana daga tushen zuwa magudanar ruwa.
MOSFETssuna da fa'idodi da yawa, irin su ƙarancin shigar da bayanai, ƙaramar amo, ƙarancin wutar lantarki, da sauƙin haɗawa, don haka ana amfani da su sosai a cikin da'irori na analog, da'irori na dijital, sarrafa wutar lantarki, lantarki, tsarin sadarwa, da sauran fannoni. A cikin da'irori masu haɗaka,MOSFETssu ne ainihin raka'o'in da suka hada da CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) dabaru da'irori. Na'urorin CMOS sun haɗu da fa'idodin NMOS da PMOS, kuma ana siffanta su da ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, babban gudu da babban haɗin kai.
Bugu da kari,MOSFETsana iya rarraba su zuwa nau'in haɓakawa-nau'in haɓakawa da nau'in ragewa gwargwadon ko an riga an kafa tashoshin tafiyar da su. Nau'in haɓakawaMOSFETa cikin wutar lantarki na ƙofar ba shi da sifili lokacin da tashar ba ta da ƙarfi, buƙatar yin amfani da takamaiman ƙarfin ƙofar don samar da tashar sarrafawa; yayin da nau'in ragewaMOSFETa cikin wutar lantarki na ƙofar ba shi da sifili lokacin da tashar ta riga ta kasance mai aiki, ana amfani da wutar lantarki don sarrafa tashar tashar.
A takaice,MOSFETshi ne transistor tasirin filin bisa tsarin semiconductor na karfe oxide, wanda ke daidaita halin yanzu tsakanin tushe da magudanar ruwa ta hanyar sarrafa wutar lantarki ta ƙofar, kuma yana da fa'idodi da yawa da ƙimar fasaha mai mahimmanci.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-12-2024
