MOSFET, gajere don Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, na'urar semiconductor ce mai tsayi uku wacce ke amfani da tasirin filin lantarki don sarrafa kwararar halin yanzu. A ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen bayanin MOSFET:
1. Ma'ana da Rarrabawa
- Ma'anar: MOSFET na'ura ce ta semiconductor wacce ke sarrafa tashar gudanarwa tsakanin magudanar ruwa da tushen ta hanyar canza wutar lantarki ta ƙofar. Ana keɓe ƙofar daga tushen kuma a magudana ta hanyar wani nau'in kayan rufewa (yawanci silicon dioxide), wanda shine dalilin da ya sa kuma ake kiranta da tasirin filin kofa.
- Rarraba: MOSFETs an rarraba su bisa nau'in tashar sarrafawa da tasirin wutar lantarki:
- N-channel da P-tashar MOSFETs: Dangane da nau'in tashar gudanarwa.
- Yanayin Haɓakawa da Yanayin Ragewa MOSFETs: Dangane da tasirin ƙarfin ƙofa akan tashar gudanarwa. Saboda haka, MOSFETs an rarraba su zuwa nau'i hudu: N-channel haɓaka-yanayin, N-channel depletion-mode, P-channel haɓaka-yanayin, da P-channel depletion-mode.
2. Tsari da Ƙa'idar Aiki
- Tsarin: MOSFET ta ƙunshi sassa uku na asali: ƙofar (G), magudanar ruwa (D), da tushe (S). A kan madaidaicin ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa, an ƙirƙiri tushen magudanar ruwa da magudanar ruwa ta hanyar dabarun sarrafa semiconductor. An raba waɗannan yankuna ta hanyar rufin rufin, wanda ke saman da wutar lantarki ta ƙofar.
- Ƙa'idar Aiki: Ɗaukar MOSFET na haɓaka N-channel a matsayin misali, lokacin da wutar lantarki ta ƙofar ba ta kasance ba, babu tashar gudanarwa tsakanin magudanar ruwa da tushe, don haka babu halin yanzu da zai iya gudana. Lokacin da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙofar ƙofar ya ƙaru zuwa wani madaidaicin kofa (wanda ake magana da shi a matsayin "ƙaramar kunnawa" ko "ƙarar wutar lantarki"), rufin insulating da ke ƙarƙashin ƙofar yana jan hankalin electrons daga substrate don samar da inversion Layer (N-type thin Layer) , ƙirƙirar tashar gudanarwa. Wannan yana ba da damar halin yanzu don gudana tsakanin magudanar ruwa da tushen. Faɗin wannan tashar mai ɗaukar nauyi, kuma don haka magudanar ruwa, ana ƙaddara ta girman ƙarfin wutar lantarki.
3. Mabuɗin Halaye
- Babban Input Impedance: Tun da ƙofar ta keɓe daga tushen kuma magudana ta hanyar insulating Layer, shigar da shigar MOSFET yana da girma sosai, yana sa ya dace da da'irori masu ƙarfi.
- Low Noise: MOSFETs suna haifar da ƙaramar amo yayin aiki, yana sa su dace don kewayawa tare da buƙatun amo.
- Kyakkyawar Ƙarfafawar thermal: MOSFETs suna da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na thermal kuma suna iya aiki yadda ya kamata a cikin yanayin zafi da yawa.
- Karancin Amfani da Wutar Lantarki: MOSFETs suna cin wuta kaɗan a duka jihohin kunnawa da kashewa, yana mai da su dacewa da da'irori marasa ƙarfi.
- Babban Saurin Canjawa: Kasancewar na'urori masu sarrafa wutar lantarki, MOSFETs suna ba da saurin sauyawa cikin sauri, yana mai da su manufa don manyan da'irori.
4. Yankunan Aikace-aikace
MOSFETs ana amfani da su sosai a cikin da'irori daban-daban na lantarki, musamman a cikin haɗaɗɗun da'irori, na'urorin lantarki, na'urorin sadarwa, da kwamfutoci. Suna aiki azaman asali na asali a cikin da'irori na haɓakawa, da'irori masu sauyawa, da'irorin ƙayyadaddun wutar lantarki, da ƙari, suna ba da damar ayyuka kamar haɓaka sigina, sarrafa sauyawa, da daidaitawar wutar lantarki.
A taƙaice, MOSFET muhimmin na'ura ce ta semiconductor tare da tsari na musamman da kyawawan halaye na aiki. Yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin da'irori na lantarki a fagage da yawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-22-2024
